NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution are given below. These solutions contain answers to all the exercise questions given in the Geography textbook. All our solutions are updated as per the latest CBSE Syllabus and Guidelines. These solutions will also help you to score higher marks with the help of well-illustrated answers. All the questions and answers of Class 8 Civics Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution are provided here in PDF format.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution NCERT Solutions

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Exercise Questions

Question 1: Why does a democratic country need a Constitution?

Answer: There are various reasons why a democratic country needs a Constitution:

• The basic ideals on the basis of which we as citizens aspire to live in our country are mentioned in the Constitution.
• It tells the fundamental nature of society
• To define the nature of the political system of the country
• It states a set of rules based on which people belonging to different religions and communities can peacefully co-exist with each other.

Question 2: Look at the wordings of the two documents given below. The first column is from the 1990 Nepal Constitution.  The second column is from the more recent interim Constitution of Nepal.

1990 Constitution of Nepal Part 7: Executive 2015	2015 Constitution of Nepal Part 7: Federal Executive 2015
Article 35: Executive Power: The executive power of the Kingdom of Nepal shall be vested in His Majesty and council of Ministers	Article 75: Executive Power: The executive power of Nepal shall, pursuant to this Constitution and other laws, be vested in the Council of Ministers.

What is the difference in who exercises ‘Executive Power’ in the above two Constitutions of Nepal?

Answer: Article 35 of the 1990 Constitution of Nepal states that the whole powers to rule the country is vested in the king of the country and the ministers appointed under him.

On the other hand, article 75 of the 2015 Constitution of Nepal states that the rules and management of the country will be based on the laws mentioned in the Constitution of the country under the supervision of the council of ministers.

Question 3: What would happen if there were no restrictions on the power of elected representatives?

Answer: If there are no restrictions on the power of the elected representatives, the leaders might misuse the powers given to them, leading to gross injustice. The Constitution provides safeguards against this misuse of power by our political leaders. Many of the safeguards are contained in the Section on Fundamental Rights. The Indian

Constitution guarantees the right to equality to all persons and says that no citizen can be discriminated against on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender, and place of birth.

Question 4: In each of the following situations, identify the minority. Write one reason why you think it is important to respect the views of the minority in each of these situations.

(a) In a school with 30 teachers, 20 of them are male.
(b) In a city, 5 per cent of the population are Buddhists.
(c) In a factory mess for all employees, 80 per cent are vegetarians.
(d) In a class of 50 students, 40 belong to more well-off families.

Answer: (a) Female teachers are in minority. The female teachers must be allowed space to voice their opinion so that their efforts at teaching are not hindered by their minority status.

(b) Buddhists are in minority. Every individual has the right to follow the religion of his/her choice. People of other faith must respect the religion other than their own.

(c) Non-vegetarians are in minority. Food choice is a personal wish, so each individual should have the freedom to eat what he/she wants.

(d) Under privileged are in minority. Citizens can not be discriminated on the basis of their birth so their views have to be respected.

Question 5: The column on the left lists some of the key features of the Indian Constitution. In the other column write two sentences, in your own words, on why you think this feature is important:

Key Feature	Significance
Federalism Separation of Powers Fundamental Rights Parliamentary Form of Government.

Answer:

Key Feature	Significance
Federalism	It ensures national unity and at the same time allows individual progress. A federal government allows the Centre to hold supreme power but its constituent states have some power as well so that the states can make decisions for their territories.
Separation of Powers	It is important as it ensures that the tyrannical use of power is avoided since the whole power is not vested in any single authority. Secondly, the three organs of governance: legislature, executive and judiciary also work as a check on each other, thereby maintaining a good balance.
Fundamental Rights	The Fundamental Rights are a set of rights that the Constitution offers to every citizen of the country. These rights include the Right to Freedom, Right to Equality, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of religion, Cultural and Educational Rights and the Right to Constitutional remedies. These rights give every citizen of the country the right to be considered as an equal, to not get discriminated based on caste, culture or religion, to get equal educational opportunities and to be equal in front of the law.
Parliamentary Form of Government	A democratic government is one where the citizens of the country have the right to elect their representatives. When the Constitution was being made, it was made sure that every citizen of the country irrespective of caste, colour, creed and religion will have the right to elect their leaders under universal adult suffrage, i.e. where the right to vote will be given to all.