NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture are given here. With these solutions, you will learn the right way to write answers to the questions perfectly in exams. We have updated the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture for the current session so that you can easily score high marks in the exams. You can also download PDF of the solutions and use them whenever you are offline.
Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 NCERT Solutions
1: Multiple choice questions
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grownon a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
Answer: (b) Gram
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Answer: (a) Pulses
(iv) Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
(a) Maximum support price
(b) Minimum support price
(c) Moderate support price
(d) Influential support price
Answer: (b) Minimum support price
2: Answer the following questions in 30 words.
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for itsgrowth.
Answer: Tea is an important beverage crop. This plant grows well in tropical or sub tropical climates. Deep, fertile and well-drained soil which is rich in humus and organic matter is the most suitable for tea plantation. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year with frequent showers that ensures continuous growth of the tender leaves.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer: Rice is a staple food crop of India. It grows in the plains of north and north-east India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in theinterest of farmers.
Answer: The various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government for the benefit of farmers are − Minimum Support Price policy, provision for crop insurance, subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, Grameen banks, Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme.
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer: Consequences of the decline in land under cultivation come out to be as follows:
- Shortage of food
- Rise in prices of food grains
- Shortage of supply of raw material for agro-industries.
- Increase in unemployment
- Increase in import of food grains will put stress on the economy
3: Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer: To ensure increase in agricultural production, the government prioritised collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari system. ‘Land reform’ was the main focus of the First Five Year Plans. In the 1960s and 1970s, agricultural reforms were the order of the day. The Green Revolution and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were aimed at improving Indian agricultural productivity. During the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated. Under this, various technical and institutional reforms were introduced by the government for the benefit of farmers, e.g., Minimum Support Price policy, provision for crop insurance, subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, Grameen banks, Kissan Credit Card, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, and special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes like ‘Krishi Darshan’ on national television.
(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Answer: The impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture has been felt since colonial times. Raw cotton and spices were important export items from India. In 1917, Indian farmers revolted in Champaran against being forced to grow indigo in place of food grains, in order to supply dye to Britain’s flourishing textile industry. Thus, globalisation has had its boons and banes for Indian agriculture.
Post liberalisation, Indian farmers face new challenges in the form of competition from highly subsidised agriculture of developed nations. This prompts the need for making Indian agriculture successful and profitable by improving the conditions of small and marginal farmers, countering the negative effects of Green Revolution, developing and promoting organic farming, and diversifying cropping pattern from cereals to high-value crops.
(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer: The geographical conditions required for growth of rice are as follows:
- It requires hot and humid climate for cultivation of rice crop. High temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm are favourable for the growth of rice.
- In areas with less rainfall, it grows with the help of dense network of canal irrigation and tubewells.
- Rich alluvial soil is the best for rice cultivation.
- Abundant rainfall or good water supply is necessary during the earlier part of its growing season in June-July.
- Plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions are ideal for rice cultivation.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture: Chapter Overview
India is an agriculturally important country. Two-thirds of its population is engaged in agricultural activities. Agriculture is a primary activity, which produces most of the food that we consume. Besides food grains, it also produces raw material for various industries. In this chapter, you will learn about types of farming such as primitive subsistence farming, intensive subsistence farming, commercial farming. Further, you will learn about the cropping pattern In India.