NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler contain answers to the textbook exercise questions. The NCERT solutions are easy and accurate that helps with the questions asked in the examinations. These solutions cover all the questions of the chapter in detail. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 are prepared by our subject experts in very easy language. All our solutions are updated as per the latest CBSE Syllabus and Guidelines.

Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions

Question 1: Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.

Answer: After the defeat of Imperial Germany, the Weimar Republic came into existence. The Republic had a democratic constitution and a federal structure. The Republic was not well received by the people. The Weimar Republic, faced many problems on all fronts- economic, social and political. It was held responsible for the defeat in the First World War. The Republic had to pay war compensation and this put the Republic in deep financial crisis. Germany had fought the war largely on loans and had to pay war reparations in gold.

Subsequently gold reserves depleted and the value of the German Mark fell. Prices of essential commodities rose dramatically. The Weimar Republic faced problems on the political front also. The constitution had many defects. The constitution gave the President the powers to impose emergency, suspend civil rights and rule by decree. The Weimar Republic had 20 different cabinets within a short span of time. Soon people lost confidence in the democratic parliamentary system.

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The problems faced by the Weimar Republic were:

Versailles treaty: The Versailles Peace Treaty at the end of the First World War dispossessed Germany of its territories, its resources and its pride as a nation. He also had to pay 6 billion pounds as war compensation. Despite the harsh terms, the Weimar Republic accepted the humiliating treaty, thereby making it unpopular amongst the German masses.

Economic Crisis: The German state was financially crippled due to overwhelming war debts which had to be paid in gold. Subsequently god reserves depleted and value of German mark fell. Prices of essential goods rose dramatically.

Political defects: The Weimar Republic was weak due to inherent constitutional irregularities such as proportional representation and Article 48 (which gave the President the power to impose emergency and rule by decree). The democratic parliamentary system seemed to give the people no solutions or benefits in the times of the severe economic crisis.

Question 2: Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.

Answer: Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930 due to lot of reasons:

• The most apparent being the Great Depression. The Weimar Republic did little to remedy the country’s economic downfall, and Hitler was presented as a saviour to the humiliated German people living in economic and political crises.
• The powerful speeches of Hitler in which he sought to build great nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty, restore the dignity of German people and provide employment for all stirred hopes in people.
• Nazi propaganda was unique. Red banners with the Swastika, Nazi salute and the rounds of applause attracted the people making Nazism very popular.

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In 1919 Adolph Hitler took over the German Workers’ Party and called it the Nazi Party, giving birth to Nazism in Germany. During the Great Economic Depression Nazism became very popular. The Nazi Propaganda which was very unique helped in making Nazism very popular. In his powerful speeches, Hitler promised  to build a strong nation restore the dignity of the Germans and provide employment for all. Numerous public meetings were held by the Nazi Party to instil unity among the people. The red banners, the Nazi salute, and the rounds of applause attracted the people and Nazism became very popular. The Meetings projected Hitler as a saviour of Germany. The German people who were shattered after the First World War believed him.

Question 3: What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?

Answer: The peculiar features of Nazi thinking were

• A belief in racial hierarchy and Lebensraum or living space.
• Nordic German Aryans were at the top, while the Jews formed the lowest rung of the racial ladder.
• They believed that only the strongest race would survive and rule.
• New territories must be gained for enhancing the natural resources and power of Germany.

Question 4: Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.

Answer: Films were made to create hatred for the Jews. The film, ‘The Eternal Jew’, showed the Jews with flowing beards and dressed in kaftans. The Jews were referred to as vermin, rats and pests. The Nazi propaganda compared the Jews to rodents. Orthodox Jews were stereotyped as killers of Christ and money lenders. Stereotypes about Jews were even popularised through maths classes. Children were taught to heat the jews. The Nazi Propaganda against the jews was so effective that the people felt anger and hatred surge inside them when they saw someone who looked like a Jew.

Question 5: Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.

Answer: Role of women in Nazi society followed the rules of a largely patriarchal or male- dominated society. Hitler hailed women as “the most important citizen” in his Germany, but this was true for only Aryan women who bred pure-blood, “desirable” Aryans. Motherhood was the only goal they were taught to reach for, apart from performing the stereotypical functions of managing the household and being good wives. This was in stark contrast to the role of women in the French Revolution where women led movements and fought for rights to education and equal wages. They were allowed to form political clubs, and schooling was made compulsory for them after the French Revolution.

Question 6: In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people?

Answer: The Nazis established control over its people by various means:

• They used different propaganda through posters or films to glorify their behaviour.
• Media was carefully used to win support for the regime and popularise it.
• Nazism worked on the minds of the people, tapped their emotions and turned their hatred and anger against those marked as ‘undesirable’.
• Special surveillance and security forces to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted, was created.
• The police forces had powers to rule with impunity. Genocide also created an atmosphere of fear and repression which helped them to establish total control over its people.