Nutrition in Animals Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 2

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Important Questions and Answers are provided here. We prepared these extra questions based on the latest NCERT Class 7 Science Book. These important questions will help you to properly understand a particular concept of the chapter. Practicing class 7 important questions before the exam will help you to get excellent marks in the exam. 

Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals Important Questions

Very Short Answer Type Question

1: Name the largest gland in the human body.
Answer: Liver

2: Define digestion.
Answer: The process of breakdown of complex substances of food into simpler form is called digestion.

3: Name the parts of alimentary canal.
Answer: Buccal cavity, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.

4: Name the glands that secrete digestive juice.
Answer: Salivary gland, pancreas and liver

5: The process of taking food into the body is called __________.
Answer: Ingestion

6: We chew food with ____________ and break it mechanically into small pieces.
Answer: Teeth

7: Name the different types of teeth.
Answer: Incisor, canine, premolar and molar

8: The saliva breakdown starch into sugars. True/ False.
Answer: True

9: Kids of three years age have _____________ teeth.
Answer: Milk

10: Name the type of food of ant
Answer: Ant: sugar, food particles

11: Name the type of food of mosquitoes.
Answer: Blood.

12: Name the mode of feeding of ant and mosquitoes.
Answer: The mode of feeding of ant: scraping and the mode of feeding of mosquitoes: sucking.

13: Amoeba digests its food in the ________________.
Answer: Food vacuole.

14: The tongue helps in mixing food with the saliva. True/ False.
Answer: True.

15: Name ruminants.
Answer: Grazing animals like: Cow, buffaloes and deer.

16: Name the finger like projection present in the inner wall of the small intestine
Answer: Villi

17: Name the organ responsible for removal of undigested and unabsorbed residues from human body.
Answer: Anus

18: Bile juice is stored in a sac called___________________
Answer: Gall bladder

19: What is the location of pancreas?
Answer: Pancreas is located just below the stomach.

20: Name the end products of carbohydrates.
Answer: Simple sugars such as glucose

21: Name the end products of fats.
Answer: Fatty acids

22: Name the end products of proteins.
Answer: Amino acids.

23: Large intestine receives digested and absorbed food. True/ False.
Answer: False

24: Define egestion.
Answer: The process of removal of faecal matter from the body through the anus is called egestion.

25: What are the causes of diarrhoea in human beings?
Answer: Infection, food poisoning or indigestion.

26: What is the full form of ORS?
Answer:  Oral Rehydration Solution

27: How food is pushed down from mouth to stomach?
Answer: Food is pushed down by movement of the wall of the food pipe.

28: Human can digest cellulose. True/False.
Answer: False.

29: The digestion of cellulose takes place in ___________ present in all ruminants.
Answer:  Rumen

30: Amoeba uses ___________ for movement and capture of food.
Answer: Pseudopodia.

31: Name the part of digestive canal involved in absorption of food.
Answer: Small intestine

32: Name the part of digestive canal involved in complete digestion of food.
Answer: Small intestine

33: Name the part of digestive canal involved in killing of bacteria.
Answer: Stomach

34: Name the part of digestive canal involved in formation of faeces.
Answer: Large intestine

35: Name the part of digestive canal involved in chewing of food.
Answer: Mouth

Short Answer Type Questions

1: What do you mean by animal nutrition?

Answer: Animal nutrition includes requirement of nutrients, mode of intake of food, and its utilization in the body.

2: What is digestion?

Answer: Digestion is the process of breakdown of complex components of food such as carbohydrates into simpler substances that is absorbed and assimilated in the body.

3: Name different modes of feeding in animals?

Answer: Scraping, chewing, brewing, capturing and swallowing, sucking etc. are the different mode of feeding in animals.

4: What are villi? What are their location and function?

Answer: The inner wall of the small intestine has thousands of finger-like outgrowths called villi.
These are found in small intestine. The villi increase the surface area for absorption of food.

5: Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it digest?

Answer: Bile is produced in the liver and is stored in a sac called the gall bladder. The bile plays an important role in the digestion of fats.

6: Name the type of carbohydrates that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reasons also.

Answer: Cellulose is the carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants. Ruminants have large sac like structure between the small intestine and large intestine. The cellulose of the food is digested by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in human beings.

7: Why do we get instant energy from glucose?

Answer: Because glucose easily breakdown in the cell with the help of oxygen and give carbon dioxide, water and energy 

8: What are Milk teeth and permanent teeth?

Answer: The first set of teeth grows during infancy and they fall off at the age between six to eight years. These are termed as milk teeth. The second set that replaces them are the permanent teeth. The permanent teeth may last throughout our life or fall off during old age.

9: Name the main organs of digestive system.

Answer: The main organs of digestive system are liver, Gall bladder Stomach, Pancreas, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum, Anus. The digestive tract and the associated glands together constitute the digestive system.

10: Glucose is considered as the source of instant energy, why?

Answer: Glucose is the simplest form of carbohydrate that can be easily broken down to give energy. Hence, we get instant energy from glucose. Also, glucose mixes directly into the blood stream making it readily available to the body.

11: What is mastication?

Answer: Mixing of saliva with chewed food is called mastication, this moisten the food and helps in swallowing food.

12: Define peristalsis?

Answer: The powerful muscles in oesophagus gently push food down to the stomach in a wave like action which is called peristalsis.

13: What do you mean by absorption in terms of digestion of food?

Answer: The food after digestion in stomach passes into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine. This process is called absorption.

14: What role does villi performs in the small intestine?

Answer: The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food. The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials and passes them into blood. The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body.

15: What is rumination?

Answer: A process in which partially digested food returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it is called Rumination, and such types of animals are called Ruminants.

16: Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and human beings.

Answer: Similarity: Both amoeba and human beings use digestive juices for digestion of food. 

Difference: Humans need to chew food whereas in amoeba, there is no chewing of food.

17: What is the site of production of bile? Which component of the food does it digest?

Answer: Bile is produced in liver and is stored in a sac like structure called the gall bladder. The bile plays an important role in the digestion of fats, it acts on fat and convert them into simpler form.

18: What is the role of pseudopodia in amoeba’s life?

Answer: Pseudopodia helps amoeba in movement and capture of food, it is also called as false feet.

19: What happens to the food in large intestine of the digestive tract?

Answer: The food that remains undigested and unabsorbed enters into the large intestine from small intestine. It is about 1.5 metre in length. Its function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material.

Long Answer Type Questions

1: Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables / grass? Discuss.

Answer: We know that animals like most of the bacteria, non-green plants and human being do not possess the ability to synthesize their own food. Therefore, they depend upon autotrophs for their food supply either directly or indirectly. The green plants (leafy vegetables / grass) trap solar energy and manufacture their food in the form of glucose. So, leafy vegetables and grass can provide sufficient energy required for the survival of human being.

2: Write one similarity and one difference between nutrition in amoeba and human beings.

Answer: Similarity: During the digestion of food, in amoeba digestive juices are secreted into the food vacuole. They act on the food and break it into simpler substances. In human being, the inner walls of stomach and the small intestine also secrete the digestive juices. The digestive juices convert complex substances of food to simpler ones. 

Difference: Amoeba feeds on some microscopic organisms. When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particles. The food is trapped in a food vacuole. Human beings take food through the mouth, digest and utilize it. The food is gradually digested as food travels through the various compartments.

3: Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables/grass? Discuss.

Answer: We know that including all animals, fungi, many bacteria, non-green plants, and human beings do not possess the ability to synthesize their own food. Therefore depend on autotrophs for their food supply either directly or indirectly.
The green plants (leafy vegetables/grass) trap solar energy and manufacture their food in the form of glucose. So, leafy vegetables and grass can provide sufficient energy required for the survival of human beings.

4: What are the functions of the tongue in human body?

Answer: The functions of the tongue are as follows:

1. It is used for talking, it is not possible to talk without this.
2. It mixes saliva with the food during chewing and helps in swallowing of food.
3. Due to the presence of taste buds on it, It is used to identify the taste of food like sweet or salty etc.

5: Explain tooth decay?

Answer: Our mouth contains some useful bacteria but if we do not clean our teeth and mouth after eating, many harmful bacteria also begin to live and grow in it. These bacteria break down the sugars present from the leftover food and release acids. These acids gradually damage the teeth and causes tooth decay.

6: What are secreted inside the stomach?

Answer: Gastric juice is secreted by the walls of stomach which contains HCl and Pepsin. HCl helps to kill the germs present in food. After mixing with the food it provides an acidic medium to the food which is essential for the activation of pepsin enzyme. Pepsin digests protein into peptides.

7: Explain digestive enzymes?

Answer: There are different types of enzymes which are used for the digestion of different food materials like carbohydrates, fats, protein etc. The process of digestion involves the association of several catalytic organic compounds such as amylase, pepsin, lipase, trypsin etc. These organic compounds are known as digestive enzymes.

8: Name and explain the type of carbohydrates that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans.

Answer: Cellulose is the carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants. Ruminants have large sac like structure between the small intestine and large intestine which is responsible for digestion of cellulose in them. The cellulose of the food is digested by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in human beings.

9: Describe nutrition in amoeba.

Answer: Amoeba is a single-celled organism found in pond water. It has a cell membrane, a dense, rounded nucleus and many bubble-like vacuoles. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and position. It pushes out one or more finger like projections, called pseudopodia or false feet for movement and capturing of food. Amoeba feeds on microscopic organisms. When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it. The food becomes trapped in a food vacuole and digested by the digestive juices.

10: Differentiate between assimilation and egestion.

Answer: Absorbed digested food materials are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body where they are used to build complex substances such as the proteins required by the body. This process is called assimilation but the process of removal of waste faecal matter through the anus from time-to-time is called egestion.

11: How does digestion occur in ruminants grass-eating animals?

Answer: Ruminants quickly swallow the grass and store it in a separate part of the stomach called rumen. Here the food gets partially digested and is called cud. Later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it. This process is called rumination. The cellulose present in grass is digested here by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in humans.

12: What happens to the food in mouth and oesophagus of the digestive tract?

Answer: When food is ingested the salivary glands which secrete saliva acts on it in the mouth. The saliva breaks down the starch into sugars. Oesophagus is along, narrow, muscular tube which directly leads to the stomach. It is about 25 cm long and passes downwards through the neck, the thorax and the abdominal cavity. Oesophagusgently pushes masticated food down to the stomach in a wave – like action, called peristalsis

13: What happens to the food in stomach of the digestive tract?

Answer: The inner lining of the stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and Digestive juices. The mucous protects the lining of the stomach. The hydrochloric acid kills many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the medium in the stomach acidic. The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.

14: What happens to the food in small intestine of the digestive tract?

Answer: The small intestine is highly coiled and is about 7.5 metres long. Liver is the largest gland in the body. It secretes bile juice that is stored in a sac called the gall bladder. It digests fats. The pancreas is cream colour red gland secretes pancreatic juice that acts on carbohydrates and proteins and changes them into simpler forms. The carbohydrates get broken into simple sugars such as glucose, fats into fatty acids and glycerol, and proteins into amino acid, she digested food can now pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine having thousands of finger-like villi. The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials. The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body.